Nepal suffered the loss of thousands of lives and 10% of its GDP as a result of climate disruption.

Omissions

• The 10% of GDP figure used by the MEP corresponds to a FUTURE projection (ADB: almost 10% of annual GDP by 2100; Loss and Damage Collaboration: 9.9% by 2100), not to a loss Nepal has already suffered.
• Actual realised economic losses from climate-induced disasters in Nepal average around 1.5-2% of GDP per year, reaching roughly 2.08-5% in extreme years (Kathmandu Post citing Loss and Damage Collaboration 2025; Speak Up Nepal).
• An alternative 10%-of-GDP figure refers to the recovery and reconstruction NEEDS estimated by Nepal's Prime Minister after the August 2026 Bhote Koshi/Rasuwa flash floods (reported by The Guardian on 2026-09-25, i.e. AFTER the 2026-09-16 session date, so the MEP could not have known that source); it is a funding-needs estimate, not a realised GDP loss.
• Deaths: climate disasters cause an average of about 647 deaths per year in Nepal, and the August 2026 flash floods killed 'over a thousand' people (Red Cross), which is consistent with 'thousands' only loosely and only if the death toll rose further.

Sources

• PrimaryAsian Development Bank (ADB) — 'Nepal May See 10% GDP Loss From Glacier Melts, Climate Extremes'Climate change-driven events like melting glaciers pose a grave risk to Nepal's economy, and could cause losses equal to almost 10% of the country's annual gross domestic product (GDP) by 2100, says a new ADB climate and economics report for South Asia. The report, titled Assessing the Costs of Climate Change and Adaptation in South Asia, predicts ... an average economic loss of 1.8% of their collective GDP every year by 2050, rising sharply to 8.8% in 2100.
• PrimaryUNDP — 'NEPAL FLOODS 2026'In Nepal, on 26 August 2026, a massive flash flood in the Bhote Koshi River, originating in the high-altitude border areas of Rasuwa District caused severe loss of life, widespread displacement, and extensive damage to property and infrastructure.
• SecondaryLoss and Damage Collaboration — 'Status of Economic Loss and Damage Caused by Climate Change in Nepal'Non-economic losses comprise an average of 647 deaths every year due to climate disasters, large-scale displacement, loss of cultural heritage, and ecosystem degradation. Future scenarios project economic losses to reach 2.2% of GDP by 2050 and 9.9% by 2100 in the absence of proper mitigation.
• SecondaryThe Kathmandu Post — 'The case for pricing climate risks now'As per the 54-year analysis of climate-induced economic losses in Nepal, published by the Loss and Damage Collaboration in 2025, the country's average annual economic loss from climate-induced disasters stands at $18 million, with extreme years touching 2.08 percent of GDP.
• SecondarySpeak Up Nepal — 'Nepal Rightfully Demands Climate Justice: Pay for the Loss and Damage'The frequency and intensity of disasters are increasing rapidly. Between 2018 and 2024, more than 32,000 climate-related events caused recorded damages estimated at NPR 23.6 billion (approximately USD 178 million). Direct economic losses are estimated to average 1.5-2% of GDP, rising to around 5% in years of severe disasters.
• SecondaryThe Guardian — 'Nepal's PM says flash flood was "warning to world" as he scolds leaders'Shah said Nepal's recovery and reconstruction needs were estimated at about 10% of GDP, as he appealed for more international support.
• SecondaryBritish Red Cross — 'Nepal floods: What's happening in Nepal after deadly floods?'Deadly flash floods have killed over a thousand in Nepal's Rasuwa district near the Nepal-Tibet border.